Sopron's Defiance: How a City's Vote Changed History

Sopron's Historic Choice: How a Referendum Defied the Treaty of Trianon In 1921, the city of Sopron, nestled in western Hungary, found itself at the heart of a pivotal decision. Following the Treaty of Trianon, which drastically reduced Hungary's territory after World War I, Sopron and eight surrounding villages faced a referendum determining their future: Austria or Hungary? This wasn't merely a bureaucratic process; it was a battle for identity, a testament to the enduring spirit of a community fiercely protective of its heritage. The Treaty of Trianon, signed in September 1919, had left a deep wound on the Hungarian psyche. Vast territories, including many regions with significant Hungarian populations, were ceded to neighboring countries. Sopron, with its rich Hungarian history, was initially slated for annexation by Austria. However, the city's residents, with unwavering determination, fought for their right to self-determination. "The referendum wasn't just about land; it was about our identity," explains TÖRTÉNÉSz, a history enthusiast whose video details the events. The video shows maps highlighting the area in question, illustrating the strategic importance of Sopron's location. The voting itself was fraught with tension. The author showcases images of the ballots, highlighting the unique way voters were asked to express their choice—by tearing a ballot in half, choosing either a green Hungarian or a yellow Austrian side. The results were decisive. Sopron, by a significant margin, chose to remain with Hungary, a victory celebrated as a symbol of Hungarian resilience. This outcome, against the backdrop of national loss and uncertainty, became a source of pride and hope for Hungary. The city was awarded the title 'Civitas Fidelissima'—'The Most Loyal City'—a testament to its loyalty to Hungary and its unwavering determination to preserve its identity.